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Syllabus Outline Physical Chemistry BS 2nd Year Semester III

Syllabus Outline BZU MULTAN 

Description of Courses (Physical Chemistry) For BS (4-Year) semester  III 

Chemical Thermodynamics: 

Introduction to thermodynamics, Three laws of thermodynamics (Zeroth, first and second law) and their applications, Entropy, calorimetry, thermochemistry, reversible and non-reversible processes, spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes, heat capacities, and their dependence on volume, pressure, and temperature, the relationship of entropy and Gibbs free energy with equilibrium constant, Gibbs Helmholtz equation and its applications, Clausius Clapeyron equation 

States of Matters:

Introduction to physical states of matter, physical properties of liquids, intermolecular forces, surface tension, viscosity, refractive index, dipole moment, etc along with applications, Properties of gases, Kinetic theory of gases, Ideal and Non-ideal gases, Vander Waal's equation, and its relationship with the critical phenomenon, derivation of kinetic equation, Properties of Solids, Crystal structure, Bragg's Law, X-ray diffraction and its application,

Solution Chemistry:

Introduction to solutions, Types of the solution, concentration units (percentage solution, mole fraction, molarity, normality, molality, ppm, and their interconversion), Solute-solvent interaction, Ideal and non-ideal solutions, Raoult's law and its applications, Colligative properties depression of freezing point, lowering of vapor pressure, elevation in boiling point, osmotic pressure and applications, abnormal colligative properties.

CHEM Lab.

Laboratory, safety, preparation, security Finding the viscosity, and surface tension, refractive index With the help of elevation of boiling point (ebullioscopic method) finding molecular mass Finding molecular mass using lowering of freezing point (cryoscopic method) Finding the heat of solution by solubility and calorimetric methods. Finding heat of neutralization of an acid with a base.


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